दुनिया में खतरनाक हथियारों की होड़ को कैसे कम करेंगे बाइडन, रूस-चीन होंगे बड़े फैक्टर
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वाशिंगटन, ऑनलाइन डेस्क। अमेरिका में सत्ता परिवर्तन के पूर्व वाशिंगटन और मॉस्को के बीच नए हथियारों के होड़ को लेकर एक नई बहस खड़ी हो गई है। यह सब ऐसे वक्त हो रहा है, जब अमेरिकी राष्ट्रपति डोनाल्ड ट्रंप का कार्यकाल समाप्त होने में थोड़े दिन शेष हैं। अमेरिका के नवनिर्वाचित राष्ट्रपति जो बाइडन 20 जनवरी को कार्यभार ग्रहण करेंगे। ऐसे में अमेरिका के नए राष्ट्रपति जो बाइडन पर यह दबाव रहेगा कि वह दुनिया को एक नए हथियारों के हाेड़ से दूर ले जाए। आखिर क्या है ताजा मामला। अमेरिका के नवनिर्वाचित राष्ट्रपति के समक्ष क्या होगी बड़ी चुनौती। क्या है स्ट्रैटेजिक आर्म्स रिडक्शन ट्रीटी। चीन होगा बड़ा फैक्टर।
चीन की बढ़ती ताकत के बीच बाइडन के समक्ष बड़ी मुश्किलें
दरअसल, 2010 में अमेरिका और रूस के बीच शुरू हुई स्ट्रैटेजिक आर्म्स रिडक्शन ट्रीटी Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty की मियाद 5 फरवरी को समाप्त हो रही है। इस ट्रीटी की अवधि को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए वाशिंगटन और मास्को के बीच एक नए करार की दरकार होगी। इसलिए नवनिर्वाचित राष्ट्रपति बाइडन के सत्ता संभालते ही इस ट्रीटी को आगे बढ़ाने की बड़ी जिम्मेदारी होगी। बाइडन के लिए यह राह आसान नहीं होगी, क्यों राष्ट्रपति डोनाल्ड ट्रंप के प्रशासन काल में दोनों देशों के बीच इस ट्रीटी को लेकर तमाम मतभेद कायम रहे हैं। दूसरे, चीन की बढ़ती ताकत से निपटने के लिए अमेरिका की नई सामरिक नीति के साथ इस गुत्थी को सुलझाना आसान काम नहीं होगा।
पुतिन ने एक ट्वीट से गरम हुआ मामला
रूसी राष्ट्रपति व्लादिमीर पुतिन ने गुरुवार को एक ट्वीट में कहा कि हम अमेरिका के साथ हथियारों के नियंत्रण पर वार्ता करने के लिए राजी हैं, लेकिन लिए हमारे सहयोगियों को भी सकारात्मक रुख दिखाना होगा। उनका यह ट्वीट उस समय आया जब गुरुवार को रूस ने नए हथियारों की दौड़ के लिए अमेरिका को दोषी ठहराया। रूस ने कहा कि मास्को को हारपरसोनिक हथियार विकसित करने के लिए मजबूर किया गया था। इसके बाद दोनों देशों के बीच हथियारों की रेस पर एक नई बहस छीड़ गई है। हालांकि, रूस को भी नवनिर्वाचित राष्ट्रपति बाइडन के सत्ता ग्रहण करने का इंतजार है।
क्या है चीन का पक्ष
नई सामरिक शस्त्र न्यूनीकरण संधि (START) में चीन को भी शामिल होने का दबाव है। हालांकि, चीन इस संधि में शामिल होने से लगातार बच रहा है। चीन का कहना है कि उसके परमाणु हथियारों का जखीरा रूस और अमेरिका की तुलना में बहुत छोटा है, इसलिए उसका संधि में शामिल होना जरूरी नहीं। लेकिन हाल में अमेरिका और चीन के बीच जिस तरह से गतिरोध हुआ है, उससे यह टकराव और बढ़ा है।
न्यू स्टार्ट संधि फरवरी, 2021 में व्यपगत होगी
नई सामरिक शस्त्र न्यूनीकरण संधि के खत्म होने पर दुनिया में इस भयंकर परिणाम हो सकते हैं। महाशक्तियों के द्वारा इस तरह की संधि से निकलने से एक बार फिर दुनिया में हथियारों की प्रतिस्पर्धा शुरू होने की आशंका पैदा हो गई है। नई सामरिक शस्त्र न्यूनीकरण संधि 5 फरवरी, 2011 को अस्तित्व में आई थी। दरअसल, यह शीत युद्ध के अंत में वर्ष 1991 में हुई थी। इसे स्टार्ट संधि की जगह आई थी। न्यू स्टार्ट संधि फरवरी 2021 में व्यपगत हो जाएगी। अमेरिका और रूस के बीच नई सामरिक शस्त्र न्यूनीकरण संधि के तहत अपने परमाणु शस्त्रागार को कम करने पर सहमति बनी थी।
नई सामरिक शस्त्र न्यूनीकरण संधि चर्चा में
हाल में रूसी राष्ट्रपति व्लादिमीर पुतिन ने नई सामरिक शस्त्र न्यूनीकरण संधि को एक वर्ष के लिए बढ़ाए जाने का प्रस्ताव दिया है। रूस फिलहाल बिना कोई नई शर्त लगाए पहले संधि को एक साल के लिए बढ़ाने का प्रस्ताव रखा है। पुतिन के नई सामरिक शस्त्र न्यूनीकरण संधि को एक वर्ष के लिए और बढ़ाए जाने के प्रस्ताव को संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका ने नकार दिया है। पुतिन ने आरोप लगाया है कि अमेरिका की ओर से निराशाजनक प्रतिक्रिया सामने आई है।
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
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



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





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


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